Imikhiqizo
I-Perchloric acid - i-HClO4
Isebenzisa
I-Perchloric acid isetshenziswa njenge-oxidizer ekuhlukaniseni i-sodium ne-potassium.
Isetshenziswa ekwenzeni iziqhumane.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izinsimbi.
Isetshenziswa njenge-reagent ukucacisa i-1H-Benzotriazole
Isetshenziswa njenge-catalyst.
Isetshenziswa ku-rocket fuel.
Isetshenziselwa electropolishing noma etching of molybdenum.
Impahla yobuchwepheshe
| SN | INTO |
| Inani |
| 1 | Ubumsulwa | % | 50-72 |
| 2 | I-Chroma, i-Hazen Units | ≤ | 10 |
| 3 | Utshwala obungancibiliki | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 4 | Izinsalela ezivuthayo (njenge-sulphate) | ≤ | 0.003 |
| 5 | I-Chlorate (ClO3) | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 6 | I-Chloride (Cl) | ≤ | 0.0001 |
| 7 | I-chlorine yamahhala (Cl) | ≤ | 0.0015 |
| 8 | I-sulfate (SO4) | ≤ | 0.0005 |
| 9 | Isamba se-nitrogen (N) | ≤ | 0.001 |
| 10 | I-Phosphate (PO4) | ≤ | 0.0002 |
| 11 | I-Silicate (SiO3) | ≤ | 0.005 |
| 12 | I-Manganese (Mn) | ≤ | 0.00005 |
| 13 | Insimbi (Fe) | ≤ | 0.00005 |
| 14 | Ithusi (Cu) | ≤ | 0.00001 |
| 15 | I-Arsenic (As) | ≤ | 0.000005 |
| 16 | Isiliva (Ag) | ≤ | 0.0005 |
| 17 | Ukuhola (Pb) | ≤ | 0.00001 |
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Yiziphi izici zokusetshenziswa kwe-perchloric acid?
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-perchloric acid ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengesandulela se-ammonium perchlorate, okuyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic eyingxenye ebalulekile yamafutha e-rocket.Ngakho-ke, i-perchloric acid ibhekwa njengenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yasemkhathini.Le nhlanganisela iphinde isetshenziswe ekucushweni kwezinhlelo zokubonisa ikristalu ewuketshezi (imvamisa ifushaniswa ibe yi-LCD).Ngakho-ke, i-perchloric acid isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-electronics.Le nhlanganisela ibuye isetshenziswe ku-chemistry yokuhlaziya ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile.I-Perchloric acid nayo inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ekukhishweni kwezinto ezinsimbi zazo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlanganisela isetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-chrome.Njengoba isebenza njenge-super acid, i-perchloric acid ibhekwa njengenye ye-Bronsted-Lowry acid enamandla kakhulu.
Ilungiswa kanjani i-perchloric acid?
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwe-perchloric acid ngokuvamile kulandela enye yezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene.Umzila wokuqala, ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi umzila wendabuko, uyindlela yokulungisa i-perchloric acid esebenzisa ukuncibilika okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-sodium perchlorate emanzini.I-solubility ye-sodium perchlorate emanzini ihambisana namagremu angu-2090 ilitha ngalinye ekamelweni lokushisa.Ukwelashwa kwesisombululo esinjalo se-sodium perchlorate emanzini nge-hydrochloric acid kubangela ukwakheka kwe-perchloric acid kanye ne-precipitate ye-sodium chloride.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le-asidi egxilile ingahlanzwa ngenqubo yokukhishwa kwe-distillation.Umzila wesibili uhilela ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode lapho i-anodic oxidation ye-chlorine echithwa emanzini kwenzeka ku-electrode ye-platinum.Nokho, enye indlela ibhekwa njengemba eqolo.
Ingabe i-perchloric acid iyingozi?
I-Perchloric acid iyi-oxidant enamandla kakhulu.Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziqinile ze-oxidizing, le nhlanganisela ikhombisa ukusebenza kabusha okuphezulu kakhulu ezinsimbini eziningi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlanganisela iyasebenza kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo.Lesi sithako singagqwala esikhunjeni.Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha ezanele kufanele zithathwe ngesikhathi sokuphatha le nhlanganisela.
