Gcwalisa ifomu elingezansi futhi sizokuthumelela inguqulo ye-PDF ye-Riverside Soils Iwumthombo Obalulekile Wokungcola Kwe-Nitrate.
Ama-nitrate anqwabelana enhlabathini eduze nemifula adlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni amazinga e-nitrate emanzini omfula phakathi nemvula, kubika abacwaningi baseNagoya University eJapane. Ukuthola kwabo, okushicilelwe kumagazini i-Biogeoscience, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungcoliswa kwe-nitrogen futhi kuthuthukise izinga lamanzi ezindaweni ezingaphansi komfula njengamachibi namanzi asogwini.
I-Nitrate iyisakhamzimba esibalulekile ezitshalweni kanye ne-phytoplankton, kodwa amazinga aphezulu e-nitrate emifuleni angehlisa izinga lamanzi, abangele i-eutrophication (ukunothiswa ngokweqile kwamanzi ngemisoco), futhi kube yingozi empilweni yezilwane neyomuntu. Nakuba amazinga e-nitrate emifudlaneni aziwa ngokukhuphuka lapho lina, akucaci ukuthi kungani.
Kunemibono emibili eyinhloko mayelana nendlela i-nitrate ekhuphuka ngayo uma lina. Ngokombono wokuqala, i-nitrate yasemkhathini incibilika emanzini emvula futhi ingena ngqo emifudlaneni. Ithiyori yesibili ithi uma lina, i-nitrate yomhlabathi endaweni esemngceleni womfula, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-riparian zone, ingena emanzini omfula.
Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nophenyo ngomthombo we-nitrate, ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa nguProfesa Urumu Tsunogai we-Graduate School of Environmental Studies, ngokubambisana ne-Asian Center for Air Pollution Research, lenze ucwaningo lokuhlaziya izinguquko ekubunjweni kwe-nitrogen ne-oxygen isotopes ku-nitrate nangesikhathi sezimvula ezinkulu. Ukwandisa ukugxila kwe-nitrate emifuleni.
Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lubike ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokugxila kwe-nitrate phakathi neziphepho emfuleni ongenhla komfula i-Kaji eSifundazweni saseNiigata enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Japan. Abacwaningi baqoqa amasampula amanzi endaweni ebamba amanzi yaseKajigawa, okuhlanganisa nasemifudlaneni ekhuphuka nomfula. Phakathi nezivunguvungu ezintathu, basebenzisa ama-autosamplers ukusampula imifudlana yamanzi njalo ngehora amahora angu-24.
Ithimba lalinganisa ukugxiliswa kanye nokwakheka kwe-isotopic ye-nitrate emanzini omfudlana, lase liqhathanisa imiphumela nokugxila kanye nokwakheka kwe-isotopic ye-nitrate enhlabathini endaweni yogu lomfudlana. Ngenxa yalokho, bathola ukuthi iningi le-nitrate livela enhlabathini hhayi emanzini emvula.
"Saphetha ngokuthi ukugezwa kwe-nitrate yenhlabathi yasogwini ibe yimifudlana ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga emifula kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba kwakuyimbangela eyinhloko yokwanda kwama-nitrate emifudlaneni ngesikhathi seziphepho," kusho uDkt Weitian Ding waseNagoya University, umbhali wocwaningo.
Ithimba labacwaningi liphinde lahlaziya umphumela we-nitrate yasemkhathini ekwandeni kwe-nitrate flux ngesikhathi seziphepho. Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate yasemkhathini emanzini omfula kuhlale kungashintshile, naphezu kokwanda kwemvula, okubonisa umthelela omncane wemithombo ye-nitrate yasemkhathini.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi i-nitrate yenhlabathi yasogwini ikhiqizwa amagciwane enhlabathini. UProfesa Tsunogai uyachaza: “Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-nitrate atholakala enhlabathini yasogwini kuphela ehlobo nasekwindla eJapane. “Ngokwalokhu, singabikezela ukuthi ukwanda kwe-nitrate emfuleni ngenxa yemvula kuzokwenzeka kuphela ngalezi zikhathi zonyaka.”
Ireferensi: UDean W, Tsunogai W, Nakagawa F, et al. Ukulandelela umthombo we-nitrate emanzini asehlathini kubonise ukugxila okuphezulu phakathi nemicimbi yesiphepho. I-Biogeoscience. 2022;19(13):3247-3261. doi: 10.5194/bg-19-3247-2022
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