[Isifaniso]Perchloric acid
[Ifomula yeemolekyuli]HClO4
[Impahla]I-oxyacid yeklorini, engenambala kwaye ecacileyo, ulwelo olune-hygroscopic kakhulu, kwaye itshaya ngamandla emoyeni.Uxinzelelo olunxulumeneyo: 1.768 (22/4 ℃);indawo yokunyibilika: – 112 ℃;indawo yokubila: 16 ℃ (2400Pa).Iasidi eyomeleleyo.Iyanyibilika emanzini nasetywaleni, kwaye izinzile emva kokunyibilika emanzini.Isisombululo samanzi sine-conductivity elungileyo.I-Anhydrous perchloric acid ayizinzile kakhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukulungiswa phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-hydrate kuphela inokulungiswa.Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu ze-hydrates.I-asidi egxininisiweyo nayo ayizinzanga.Iya kubola ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ibekwe.Iya kubola ibe yiklorine dioxide, amanzi kunye neoksijini xa ishushu kwaye iqhuma.Inempembelelo eyomeleleyo ye-oxidation kwaye inokubangela ugqabhuko-dubulo xa idibana nezinto ezitshisa ngokutsha ezifana nekhabhoni, iphepha kunye neenkuni.I-asidi ye-Dilute (ngaphantsi kwe-60%) izinzile, kwaye ayinayo i-oxidation xa ibanda.Owona mxube uphezulu wokubilisa oqulethe i-71.6% ye-perchloric acid unokusekwa.I-Perchloric acid inokusabela ngobundlobongela kunye nentsimbi, ubhedu, i-zinc, njl.njl. ukuvelisa i-oxides, isabela nge-P2O5 ukuvelisa i-Cl2O5, kwaye ibole kwaye idibanise i-phosphorus elemental kunye nesulfure kwi-asidi ye-phosphoric kunye ne-asidi yesulfuric.]
[Isicelo]Isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweeperhlorates, esters, fireworks, iziqhushumbisi, i-gunpowder, ifilimu kunye nokuhlanjululwa kweedayimani zokwenziwa.Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-oxidant eyomeleleyo, i-catalyst, i-electrolyte yebhetri, i-agent yonyango yesinyithi kunye ne-solvent ye-acrylonitrile polymerization.Ikwasetyenziselwa amayeza, imigodi kunye nokunyibilikisa, electroplating ilothe kunye namanye amashishini.I-Perchloric acid kunye ne-potassium ions zivelisa i-potassium perchlorate enyibilikayo, enokuthi isetyenziswe ukumisela i-potassium.