[Zviratidzo]Perchloric acid
[Morecular Formula]HClO4
[Property]Oxyacid yeklorini, isina ruvara uye yakajeka, yakanyanya hygroscopic mvura, uye inosvuta zvakanyanya mumhepo.Hukama density: 1.768 (22/4 ℃);nzvimbo yakanyunguduka: - 112 ℃;kuvira poindi: 16 ℃ (2400Pa).Asidhi yakasimba.Inonyungudika mumvura nedoro, uye inogadzikana mushure mekunyungudika mumvura.Iyo aqueous solution ine conductivity yakanaka.Anhydrous perchloric acid haina kugadzikana zvakanyanya uye haigone kugadzirira pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajairwa.Kazhinji, hydrate chete inogona kugadzirirwa.Kune marudzi matanhatu emahydrates.Iyo yakanyanyisa asidhi hainawo kugadzikana.Ichaora pakarepo mushure mekuiswa.Ichaora kuita chlorine dioxide, mvura uye okisijeni painopisa uye inoputika.Iyo ine yakasimba oxidation mhedzisiro uye inogona zvakare kukonzera kuputika kana uchisangana nezvinhu zvinopisa senge kabhoni, bepa uye huni machipisi.Dilute acid (isingasviki 60%) haina kugadzikana, uye haina oxidation kana ichitonhora.Musanganiswa wepamusoro wekubikira we71.6% perchloric acid unogona kuumbwa.Perchloric acid inogona kuita zvechisimba nesimbi, mhangura, zingi, nezvimwewo kugadzira maokisidi, inopindirana neP2O5 kugadzira Cl2O5, uye kuora uye oxidize elemental phosphorus nesarufa kuita phosphoric acid uye sulfuric acid.]
[Chikumbiro]Inoshandiswa mukugadzira perhlorates, esters, fireworks, zvinoputika, pfuti, firimu uye kucheneswa kwemadhaimani ekugadzira.Inoshandiswawo seyakasimba oxidant, catalyst, bhatiri electrolyte, simbi pamusoro pekurapa agent uye solvent ye acrylonitrile polymerization.Inoshandiswawo mumishonga, migodhi uye kunyungudutsa, electroplating lead uye mamwe maindasitiri.Perchloric acid uye potassium ions inogadzira zvishoma soluble potassium perchlorate, iyo inogona kushandiswa kuona potassium.